There are many constraints on the transportation of blades, which are related to factors such as the length, width, height, blade root pitch circle size, fulcrum position, weight and center of gravity position of the blade itself. For example, the height limit for blade highway transportation is <5m, and the height of the blade root bracket at the front of the transport vehicle is ≥0.9m, which requires the maximum height of the blade from the ground before and after installation. The longer the fulcrum position, the longer the pulling length of the blade transport vehicle, resulting in a larger turning radius requirement for the on-site road. At present, the transportation of blades is generally completed by a flatbed semi-trailer combined with a tractor or a special blade transport vehicle with blade lifting-rotation-hydraulic steering. Flatbed semi-trailers combined with tractors are generally used in wind farms with highways or flat roads, and the transportation road conditions must be good.
The special blade transport vehicle (referred to as the lift vehicle) with blade lifting, rotation and hydraulic steering is a work vehicle specially designed for the complex road transportation of wind turbine blades. Since the blades can be lifted and rotated 360 degrees by hydraulic control during driving to avoid various restrictive obstacles (mountain slopes, trees, houses, bridges, tunnels, etc.) during transportation, the blade sweeping area can be reduced, the amount of road reconstruction engineering, the road reconstruction period can be shortened, and to a certain extent, it can meet the needs of insufficient turning radius, avoid obstacles such as high mountains and cliffs, buildings, electric poles, and house demolition. It can also greatly reduce the total length of the blade transport vehicle, thereby being promoted and used. Especially in mountain wind farms, which are subject to the limitation of road transfer radius, it is basically the only transportation method currently available. Many wind farms first use flatbed semi-trailers to transport the blades from the blade factory to a certain distance from the wind farm on the highway, and then use blade lifting and transport vehicles to transport them to the machine position.
